collector cutoff current, base short-circuited to emitter (ICES)

The dc current into the collector terminal when it is biased in the reverse direction* with respect to the emitter terminal, and the base terminal is, respectively,

• open-circuited.

• short-circuited to the emitter terminal.
• returned to the emitter terminal through a specified circuit.

• returned to the emitter terminal through a specified resistance.

• returned to the emitter terminal through a specified voltage.

*For these parameters, the collector terminal is considered to be biased in the reverse direction when it is made positive for npn transistors or negative for pnp transistors with respect to the emitter terminal.